HISTORY OF F1
Formula One automobile racing has its roots in the European Grand Prixchampionships of the 1920s and 1930s. The foundation of Formula One began in 1946 with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA's) standardisation of rules. A World Drivers' Championship followed in 1950. The sport's history parallels the evolution of its technical regulations.
In addition to the world championship series, non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of competition. National championships existed in South Africa and the UK in the 1960s and 1970s.
In addition to the world championship series, non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of competition. National championships existed in South Africa and the UK in the 1960s and 1970s.
FORMULA 1 1960-2000
1960s
British drivers dominated in the Formula One races of 1960s. Colin Chapman's Team Lotus took the championship to new standards in Formula One Racing. Jim Clark exploited his talent to the utmost and created history on his Lotus 33. Re-introduction of mid-engined cars was a major development of this period. All regular competitors in the decade switched to mid-engined cars. British teams and Commonwealth racers won twelve world championships between 1962 and 1973.
1970s
The 1970s saw the evolution of Formula One as a big commercial success. Bernie Ecclestone is credited with transforming the sport into the billion dollar business. On the racing track, Brazilian Emerson Fittipaldi became the youngest driver to win the Grand Prix in Formula One History. However, Jack Stewart soon rose to challenge his supremacy. They together dominated the Formula 1 scene for the entire first half of the seventies. Biggest technological breakthrough in the decade was the introduction of aluminium sheet monocoque chassis in place of the traditional spaceframe design. Ground effect aerodynamics was introduced in late 1970s. The technological innovation greatly increased cornering speeds.
1980s
The early Eighties are known for the clashes between Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA) and Formula One Constructors' Association (FOCA). The development of electronic driver aids also began in the 1980s. A system of active suspension was developed. A system of semi-automatic gearboxes and traction control was also developed. On the track, this era was dominated by Nelson Piquet and McLaren. Ayrton Senna and Alain Prost also rose to fame.
1990s and 2000s
Exploits of Senna glorified the world of motor racing. However, he died tragically in a car accident of track in 1994. Michael Schumacher emerged as the next superstar. Schumacher, with Ferrari, won an unprecedented five consecutive drivers’ championships and six consecutive constructors’ championships between 1999 and 2004. Renault driver Fernando Alonso ended Schumacher's championship streak in September 2005. Currently, the world championships are dominated by manufacturer-owned teams like Renault, BMW, Toyota, Honda and Ferrari.
British drivers dominated in the Formula One races of 1960s. Colin Chapman's Team Lotus took the championship to new standards in Formula One Racing. Jim Clark exploited his talent to the utmost and created history on his Lotus 33. Re-introduction of mid-engined cars was a major development of this period. All regular competitors in the decade switched to mid-engined cars. British teams and Commonwealth racers won twelve world championships between 1962 and 1973.
1970s
The 1970s saw the evolution of Formula One as a big commercial success. Bernie Ecclestone is credited with transforming the sport into the billion dollar business. On the racing track, Brazilian Emerson Fittipaldi became the youngest driver to win the Grand Prix in Formula One History. However, Jack Stewart soon rose to challenge his supremacy. They together dominated the Formula 1 scene for the entire first half of the seventies. Biggest technological breakthrough in the decade was the introduction of aluminium sheet monocoque chassis in place of the traditional spaceframe design. Ground effect aerodynamics was introduced in late 1970s. The technological innovation greatly increased cornering speeds.
1980s
The early Eighties are known for the clashes between Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA) and Formula One Constructors' Association (FOCA). The development of electronic driver aids also began in the 1980s. A system of active suspension was developed. A system of semi-automatic gearboxes and traction control was also developed. On the track, this era was dominated by Nelson Piquet and McLaren. Ayrton Senna and Alain Prost also rose to fame.
1990s and 2000s
Exploits of Senna glorified the world of motor racing. However, he died tragically in a car accident of track in 1994. Michael Schumacher emerged as the next superstar. Schumacher, with Ferrari, won an unprecedented five consecutive drivers’ championships and six consecutive constructors’ championships between 1999 and 2004. Renault driver Fernando Alonso ended Schumacher's championship streak in September 2005. Currently, the world championships are dominated by manufacturer-owned teams like Renault, BMW, Toyota, Honda and Ferrari.
HISTORY OF CARS IN FORMULA 1
Champions of F1
the race
The race begins with a warm-up lap, after which the cars assemble on the starting grid in the order they qualified. This lap is often referred to as the formation lap, as the cars lap in formation with no overtaking (although a driver who makes a mistake may regain lost ground provided he has not fallen to the back of the field). The warm-up lap allows drivers to check the condition of the track and their car, gives the tyres a chance to warm up to increase traction, and also gives the pit crews time to clear themselves and their equipment from the grid.
Once all the cars have formed on the grid, a light system above the track indicates the start of the race: five red lights are illuminated at intervals of one second; they are all then extinguished simultaneously after an unspecified time (typically less than 3 seconds) to signal the start of the race. The start procedure may be abandoned if a driver stalls on the grid, signalled by raising his arm. If this happens, the procedure restarts: a new formation lap begins with the offending car removed from the grid. The race may also be restarted in the event of a serious accident or dangerous conditions, with the original start voided. The race may be started from behind the Safety Car if officials feel a racing start would be excessively dangerous, such as extremely heavy rainfall. As of the 2017 season there will always be a standing restart. If due to heavy rainfall a start behind the safety car is necessary, then after the track has dried sufficiently, drivers will form up for a standing start. There is no formation lap when races start behind the Safety Car.
Under normal circumstances, the winner of the race is the first driver to cross the finish line having completed a set number of laps. Race officials may end the race early (putting out a red flag) due to unsafe conditions such as extreme rainfall, and it must finish within two hours, although races are only likely to last this long in the case of extreme weather or if the safety car is deployed during the race.
In the 1950s, race distances varied from 300 km (190 mi) to 600 km (370 mi). The maximum race length was reduced to 400 km (250 mi) in 1966 and 325 km (202 mi) in 1971. The race length was standardised to the current 305 km (190 mi) in 1989. However, street races like Monaco have shorter distances, to keep under the 2 hour limit.
Drivers may overtake one another for position over the course of the race and are "Classified" in the order they finished 90% of the race distance. If a leader comes across a back marker (slower car) who has completed fewer laps, the back marker is shown a blue flag[53] telling him he is obliged to allow the leader to overtake him. The slower car is said to be "lapped" and, once the leader finishes the race, is classified as finishing the race "one lap down". A driver can be lapped numerous times, by any car in front of him. A driver who fails to finish a race, through mechanical problems, accident, or any other reason is said to have retired from the race and is "Not Classified" in the results. However, if the driver has completed more than 90% of the race distance, he will be classified.
Throughout the race, drivers may make pit stops to change tyres and repair damage (from 1994 to 2009 inclusive, they could also refuel). Different teams and drivers employ different pit stop strategies in order to maximise their car's potential. Three dry tyre compounds, with different durability and adhesion characteristics, are available to drivers. Over the course of a race, drivers must use two of the three available compounds. The different compounds have different levels of performance, and choosing when to use which compound is a key tactical decision to make. Different tyres have different colours on their sidewalls; this allows spectators to understand the strategies. Under wet conditions, drivers may switch to one of two specialised wet weather tyres with additional grooves (one "intermediate", for mild wet conditions, such as after recent rain, one "full wet", for racing in or immediately after rain). A driver must make at least one stop to use two tyre compounds; up to three stops are typically made, although further stops may be necessary to fix damage or if weather conditions change. If rain tyres are used, drivers are no longer obliged to use both types of dry tyres.
(From Wikipedia)
Once all the cars have formed on the grid, a light system above the track indicates the start of the race: five red lights are illuminated at intervals of one second; they are all then extinguished simultaneously after an unspecified time (typically less than 3 seconds) to signal the start of the race. The start procedure may be abandoned if a driver stalls on the grid, signalled by raising his arm. If this happens, the procedure restarts: a new formation lap begins with the offending car removed from the grid. The race may also be restarted in the event of a serious accident or dangerous conditions, with the original start voided. The race may be started from behind the Safety Car if officials feel a racing start would be excessively dangerous, such as extremely heavy rainfall. As of the 2017 season there will always be a standing restart. If due to heavy rainfall a start behind the safety car is necessary, then after the track has dried sufficiently, drivers will form up for a standing start. There is no formation lap when races start behind the Safety Car.
Under normal circumstances, the winner of the race is the first driver to cross the finish line having completed a set number of laps. Race officials may end the race early (putting out a red flag) due to unsafe conditions such as extreme rainfall, and it must finish within two hours, although races are only likely to last this long in the case of extreme weather or if the safety car is deployed during the race.
In the 1950s, race distances varied from 300 km (190 mi) to 600 km (370 mi). The maximum race length was reduced to 400 km (250 mi) in 1966 and 325 km (202 mi) in 1971. The race length was standardised to the current 305 km (190 mi) in 1989. However, street races like Monaco have shorter distances, to keep under the 2 hour limit.
Drivers may overtake one another for position over the course of the race and are "Classified" in the order they finished 90% of the race distance. If a leader comes across a back marker (slower car) who has completed fewer laps, the back marker is shown a blue flag[53] telling him he is obliged to allow the leader to overtake him. The slower car is said to be "lapped" and, once the leader finishes the race, is classified as finishing the race "one lap down". A driver can be lapped numerous times, by any car in front of him. A driver who fails to finish a race, through mechanical problems, accident, or any other reason is said to have retired from the race and is "Not Classified" in the results. However, if the driver has completed more than 90% of the race distance, he will be classified.
Throughout the race, drivers may make pit stops to change tyres and repair damage (from 1994 to 2009 inclusive, they could also refuel). Different teams and drivers employ different pit stop strategies in order to maximise their car's potential. Three dry tyre compounds, with different durability and adhesion characteristics, are available to drivers. Over the course of a race, drivers must use two of the three available compounds. The different compounds have different levels of performance, and choosing when to use which compound is a key tactical decision to make. Different tyres have different colours on their sidewalls; this allows spectators to understand the strategies. Under wet conditions, drivers may switch to one of two specialised wet weather tyres with additional grooves (one "intermediate", for mild wet conditions, such as after recent rain, one "full wet", for racing in or immediately after rain). A driver must make at least one stop to use two tyre compounds; up to three stops are typically made, although further stops may be necessary to fix damage or if weather conditions change. If rain tyres are used, drivers are no longer obliged to use both types of dry tyres.
(From Wikipedia)
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